Standard DNA barcodes are widely used in fields such as biodiversity protection and traceability due to their advantages of strong universal primer adaptability and low sequencing costs. For closely related species, complex taxa with frequent hybridization and recent radiation evolution, standard DNA barcodes cannot meet the needs of accurate identification due to limited sequence variation and insufficient resolution. Although the strategy of shallow genome sequencing to obtain the complete plastid genome (super barcoding) has improved the identification rate of some difficult taxa, the uniparental inheritance characteristics of the plastid genome make it limited in the analysis of introgressed taxa.
Boron plays an important role in glass and ceramic manufacturing, agricultural production and other fields. Although the salt lakes in Qinghai and Tibet are rich in liquid boron ore, the high-salt environment and the reactive inertness of boric acid molecules make efficient and selective extraction of boron challenging.
Deep learning models have excellent performance when the distribution of training data and test data are consistent. However, in practical applications such as brain-computer interfaces and medical imaging, they will be affected by factors such as individual differences in subjects, electrode/sensor drift, changes in acquisition equipment and clinical environment, and the data distribution will shift, resulting in a significant decline in model performance. In recent years, academic circles have developed a series of domain generalization algorithms using distribution alignment, adversarial training, and invariant risk minimization. However, most mainstream methods focus on matching edge distributions or gradient statistics between different domains, which can easily lead to alignment instability or even collapse under limited samples, restricting the cross-domain discrimination ability of deep learning models in real target domains.
As residents' daily living standards continue to improve, the demand for high-quality protein in farming and other fields has increased significantly, and the supply is insufficient. At the same time, urban food waste production is large, and traditional disposal processes have high carbon emissions, low resource conversion efficiency, and high energy consumption. The protein supply gap and the problem of food waste disposal are superimposed, and there is an urgent need to build efficient and coordinated resource solutions.
Two-dimensional transition metal borides have broad application prospects in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their unique electronic structure, high conductivity and rich surface chemical properties. Molybdenum boride (MoB) can be obtained by selectively etching away the aluminum (Al) layer in layered molybdenum aluminum boron (MoAlB). However, this method often faces problems such as incomplete removal of Al and re-stacking of MoB layers after etching, making it difficult to fully peel off the two-dimensional nanosheets. This will reduce the available surface area of the material and prevent electrolyte ions from entering the interlayer active sites, thus restricting the performance of MoB in high-rate energy storage devices.
The first cell fate decision of a fertilized mammalian egg is a core scientific issue in developmental biology and is also relevant to embryo quality assessment in assisted reproduction. Although previous studies have revealed that the two-cell stage non-coding RNA LincGET mediates fate bias, the key protein factors that regulate this process have not yet been identified.
Recently, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has conducted research on the problem of determining the surface geometric parameters of the coronal magnetic field source. It analyzed the forward and inverse problems of the potential field source surface model (PFSS) from the perspective of free boundary problems and shape optimization, and combined with the near-solar in-situ observations of the PSP satellite to construct a source surface radius optimization algorithm. This study used ACE satellite observations for independent verification to reveal the overall trend of optimal source surface radius changes with solar activity and the trade-off relationship between different observation indicators.
Recently, the Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made progress in the research of high-performance molybdenum alloys. By designing a solid-state reaction, the research team used HfB 2 to react with impurity oxygen in molybdenum powder to form high-density, highly thermally stable and evenly distributed nano-Hf particles inside the molybdenum grains. This solved the problem of traditional dispersed particles being prone to agglomeration and coarsening, and achieved a synergistic improvement in the strength, plasticity and high-temperature stability of molybdenum alloys.
Galaxy mergers are an important process in the evolution of the universe, often causing supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies to approach each other. Triple galaxy merger events are relatively rare in the universe and provide a unique sample for studying the co-evolution of galaxies and black holes.
Space & Astronomy#Chinese Academy of Sciences#科研进展#CAS#astronomy#astrophysics
Water electrolysis uses renewable electricity to produce clean hydrogen. Among various technologies, anion-exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis combines the advantages of alkaline systems and proton-exchange membrane systems. However, its large-scale application is limited by slow oxygen evolution reaction and the need for catalysts with high activity and long-term stability. In a study publ
Research#Chinese Academy of Sciences#Research News
Metals, semiconductors and insulators are fundamental components of modern electronics. However, efforts to improve device performance have largely focused on semiconductor quality, while metal crystallinity has received far less attention. As transistor dimensions continue to shrink, though, structural disorder in metals and at metal-semiconductor interfaces increasingly impedes carrier injection
Research#Chinese Academy of Sciences#Research News
