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Researchers Reveal Structural Basis of Long-range Transcription-Translation Coupling in Bacteria

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Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers Develop Stepwise Evaporation Method to Reduce Contact Resistance in Transistors

Metals, semiconductors and insulators are fundamental components of modern electronics. However, efforts to improve device performance have largely focused on semiconductor quality, while metal crystallinity has received far less attention. As transistor dimensions continue to shrink, though, structural disorder in metals and at metal-semiconductor interfaces increasingly impedes carrier injection

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

研究人员在高压下发现首个二维范德华重费米子超导体

重费米子超导通常发生在近藤杂化与RKKY长程磁有序竞争的量子临界点附近，是研究量子临界涨落驱动非常规超导配对的重要载体。降低晶体结构维度，量子涨落便会增强，若在二维范德华材料中实现重费米子超导，将为研究维度调控的量子临界行为和非常规超导机制提供理想平台。而二维范德华重费米子体系非常少见，近期发现的范德华层状重费米子金属CeSiI为此带来契机。该材料在常压下具有近藤相干态和长程反铁磁序，但超导电性尚未被发现。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on the direction of mRNA delivery has made progress

脂质纳米颗粒（LNP）是信使核糖核酸（mRNA）等核酸药物的重要递送载体，其体内传输行为高度依赖表面界面性质。聚乙二醇（PEG）修饰可提高LNP稳定性并促进其跨越生物屏障，但会削弱颗粒与细胞的相互作用，降低细胞摄取和胞内递送效率。由于LNP在体内运输与细胞递送阶段对表面性质的需求并不相同，传统静态PEG修饰难以兼顾，形成了制约递送效率提升的“PEG困境”。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

食品废弃物转化为单细胞蛋白和油脂技术研究获进展

As residents' daily living standards continue to improve, the demand for high-quality protein in farming and other fields has increased significantly, and the supply is insufficient. At the same time, urban food waste production is large, and traditional disposal processes have high carbon emissions, low resource conversion efficiency, and high energy consumption. The protein supply gap and the problem of food waste disposal are superimposed, and there is an urgent need to build efficient and coordinated resource solutions.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Progress in research on three-dimensional magnetic reconnection and fine structure of solar flares

磁重联普遍发生于日冕、恒星冕、行星磁层、吸积盘及实验室等离子体等磁化等离子体系统，是解析太阳与恒星大气磁能积累和爆发释放的关键物理过程。磁重联导致磁能快速释放，转化为等离子体的动能和热能。目前，二维磁重联过程的认识已较为清楚，三维磁重联仍认知不足。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on the controllable preparation and micro energy storage application of two-dimensional boride

Two-dimensional transition metal borides have broad application prospects in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their unique electronic structure, high conductivity and rich surface chemical properties. Molybdenum boride (MoB) can be obtained by selectively etching away the aluminum (Al) layer in layered molybdenum aluminum boron (MoAlB). However, this method often faces problems such as incomplete removal of Al and re-stacking of MoB layers after etching, making it difficult to fully peel off the two-dimensional nanosheets. This will reduce the available surface area of ​​the material and prevent electrolyte ions from entering the interlayer active sites, thus restricting the performance of MoB in high-rate energy storage devices.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers Reveal Novel Key Gene Controlling Salt Tolerance in Rice

Soil salinization poses a serious threat to global rice production. At present, the natural‑variation‑based genetic basis of rice salt tolerance remains poorly understood, and only a handful of major genes related to salt tolerance have been functionally characterized. It is critical to identify key gene modules in salt signaling pathways. In a study published in Developmental Cell on August 28, a

Life Sciences Sustainable Development #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #Sustainable Development #genomics #biology
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Study finds key protein in mammalian development

The first cell fate decision of a fertilized mammalian egg is a core scientific issue in developmental biology and is also relevant to embryo quality assessment in assisted reproduction. Although previous studies have revealed that the two-cell stage non-coding RNA LincGET mediates fate bias, the key protein factors that regulate this process have not yet been identified.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on the interpretability and inverse problems of corona magnetic field models has made progress

Recently, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has conducted research on the problem of determining the surface geometric parameters of the coronal magnetic field source. It analyzed the forward and inverse problems of the potential field source surface model (PFSS) from the perspective of free boundary problems and shape optimization, and combined with the near-solar in-situ observations of the PSP satellite to construct a source surface radius optimization algorithm. This study used ACE satellite observations for independent verification to reveal the overall trend of optimal source surface radius changes with solar activity and the trade-off relationship between different observation indicators.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on high-performance molybdenum alloys has made progress

Recently, the Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made progress in the research of high-performance molybdenum alloys. By designing a solid-state reaction, the research team used HfB 2 to react with impurity oxygen in molybdenum powder to form high-density, highly thermally stable and evenly distributed nano-Hf particles inside the molybdenum grains. This solved the problem of traditional dispersed particles being prone to agglomeration and coarsening, and achieved a synergistic improvement in the strength, plasticity and high-temperature stability of molybdenum alloys.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Scientists Achieve Wafer-Scale Growth of High-Performance P-Type 2D Semiconductor MoSi 2 N 4 Single Crystals

A research team led by Prof. REN Wencai from the Institute of Metal Research (IMR) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved the wafer-scale epitaxial growth of monolayer MoSi 2 N 4 single crystals, a high-performance p-type two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor. Their findings, published on July 8 in Nature Materials , mark a significant step toward realizing complementary metal-oxide-semicond

Chemical Engineering #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #Chemical Engineering
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Study Traces Origin of African Succulent Euphorbia Section Monadenium to Early Miocene

The Euphorbia section Monadenium comprises approximately 90 species that are restricted to tropical Africa, with the greatest diversity found in East Africa. Members of this section range from geophytes and perennial herbs to succulent shrubs and small trees, many of which are endemic to arid or seasonally dry habitats. However, their evolutionary and biogeographical history remains poorly underst

Biodiversity #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #biodiversity
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Trait-Based Framework Accelerates Breeding of Light Wood Trees

Balsa wood is one of the world's fastest-growing and most commercially valuable tropical timber species. Renowned as the lightest commercial timber, it has experienced soaring global demand. However, traditional propagation techniques, such as tissue culture and cuttings, have proven difficult due to the species' abundant leaf hairs and mucilage secretion. This makes controlled hybridization the m

Biodiversity #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #biodiversity
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Study reveals the evolution of amphibian insect landings in the Carboniferous

The establishment of complex terrestrial ecosystems is a milestone in the history of the evolution of life on Earth. It marks the complete escape of life from the constraints of the ocean and opens a new stage in the evolution of terrestrial biodiversity. Molecular clock estimates, trace fossils, and evidence from specific buried biota indicate that the evolutionary process of arthropod landings can be traced back to the Cambrian-Ordovician period, much earlier than recognized by traditional fossil records. As the animal group with the highest species diversity on Earth, there has been a long-standing research gap in the early origins and landing evolution history of insects.

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

研究揭示“氧化还原—钙信号”耦合调控纤毛协调摆动新机制

纤毛/鞭毛是细胞表面伸出的“天线状”保守细胞器，广泛存在于从单细胞真核生物到哺乳动物的各类细胞中。其中，运动纤毛需像船桨一样同步摆动，才能推动细胞定向游动，并通过产生定向液流，完成呼吸道黏液清除、脑脊液循环等生理过程。一旦这种“同步”被打破，或引发原发性纤毛运动障碍（PCD）、内脏左右位反转、脑积水等纤毛相关疾病，目前仍缺乏成熟的治疗方案。然而，多根纤毛究竟依靠何种信号实现协调摆动，长期以来尚不明晰。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

长效神经融合脑机界面研究取得进展

脑机接口是神经医学、康复工程与人工智能交叉领域的前沿技术。电极与脑组织间的神经融合界面直接决定设备使用寿命、信号采集精度与临床安全，是实现长期稳定神经记录、闭环精准神经调控的根基。 当前界面技术仍存短板 ，现阶段柔性基底、导电高分子、单一功能修饰涂层等技术仅能优化某一项缺陷，无法同步实现长效抑菌、抑制生物污损、削弱免疫排斥、稳定电学性能、电极无损回收等五项临床刚需，制约了脑机接口的临床落地应用。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

New Framework Advances Spray-Induced Gene Silencing Toward Industrialization

A research team has recently published a systematic reference framework for advancing Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) from proof-of-concept toward industrialization. Led by Prof. ZHANG Tao from the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography (XIEG) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in collaboration with researchers from the Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology under the T

Life Sciences Environment & Climate Bioengineering #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #Bioengineering #genomics #biology #climate #decarbonization
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers Reveal How Gatekeeper Enzyme UGCG Controls Glycosphingolipid Synthesis

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are sugar-containing membrane lipids that help organize cell surfaces and regulate signaling, immune recognition, differentiation and neuronal function. Human cells produce several hundred GSL species through stepwise modification of their sugar groups, and this diversity begins with a single committed reaction, in which uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) ceramide

Medical Research Health #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #Health #medical research #clinical research
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on the spatiotemporal evolution of equatorial glaciers has made progress

赤道冰川是全球气候变化的高度敏感指示器。在全球气候变暖背景下，以乞力马扎罗山为代表的热带冰雪景观正加速消退。 受云层遮挡等观测条件限制，学界对赤道冰川演化过程仍缺乏系统的定量认知。因此，对赤道冰川开展长时序的时空演变监测，对解析低纬度冰川对全球气候变化的响应机制、评估区域生态与水资源风险等具有重要科学意义。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

偏振视觉研究取得进展

现有偏振感知低照度增强方法存在依赖成对低照度—正常光数据、跨场景泛化能力有限，以及复杂低照度条件下辐射与偏振信息难以协同恢复的问题。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

研究解析糖酵解双重降解抑制通路调控牡蛎温度适应的新机制

近日，中国科学院海洋研究所团队在后生动物中揭示了一条保守的能量感知级联调控轴（KAT2/HDACⅡa–PGK–ALDO），阐明了细胞在能量危机下通过“双重降解抑制”协同锁定并放大糖酵解产能的分子机制。该成果破译了潮间带牡蛎耐热适应分化的代谢演化基础，为解析人类肺腺癌恶性增殖机制及靶向干预提供了新视角。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

激光反射层析实现3.3公里距离下无扫描的高分辨非视域成像

传统光学成像仅可探测直接视线范围内的物体，而非视域成像技术能突破这一物理限制，通过探测在环境中经历多次散射的光子，计算重建出被遮挡的隐藏场景，在自动驾驶、灾害救援、医疗诊断及工业检测等领域展现出应用前景。然而，现有主流非视域成像方法多依赖扫描方式获取成像信息，面临难以调和的速率—分辨率矛盾。同时，在远距离成像场景下，多次散射光子能量急剧衰减，该矛盾更为突出。

Research #Chinese Academy of Sciences #科研进展 #CAS
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Rewiring Rumen Hydrogen Economy: New Strategy for Methane Mitigation and Sustainable Livestock Production

Methane emissions from cattle and sheep contribute to global greenhouse gas emissions and reflect a loss of dietary energy that could otherwise support animal growth and productivity, which is a major challenge for sustainable livestock production. M ost existing approaches to reduce methane emissions focus primarily on suppressing methanogenesis. In a study published in The Innovation , a researc

Life Sciences Environment & Climate Sustainable Development #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #Sustainable Development #Pollutants #genomics #biology #climate #decarbonization
Research News Chinese Academy of Sciences

Researchers Develop Bridge RNA-guided Large-fragment Editing System for Cross-kingdom Precise Genome Manipulation

Precise manipulation of large genomic fragments is a critical need in crop breeding and synthetic biology. In crop genomes, superior traits are often associated with structural variations. However, existing large-fragment editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas systems and site-specific recombinases have limitations. In 2024, the development of the bridge RNA-guided IS110-family recombinase system provid

Medical Research Life Sciences #Chinese Academy of Sciences #Research News #medical research #clinical research #genomics #biology
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