PNNL is exploring the untapped potential of used nuclear fuel to produce optimized waste forms and strengthen the nation’s energy security Key Takeaways Nuclear fuel retains more than 90% of its original energy-producing potential. New tools developed at PNNL could make recycling nuclear fuel more viable . Recovering usable materials could strengthen the nation’s fuel supply, reduce long-term waste, and help power the next generation of reactors. A newly selected DOE Genesis Mission project will develop AI tools to help design and operate fuel-recycling systems.